Common Name: Eastern Hemlock
Scientific Name: Tsuga canadensis
Other Names: Canada Hemlock, Hemlock Spruce
Leaf: Needles; slightly tapered, finely toothed, flat; shiny green upper surface,
whitened beneath with white dots on either side of mid vein; 1-2 cm long.
Flower: None.
Fruit: Cones; male and female cones on same tree, near branch tips; male cones
yellowish and round; female cones light brown and dry, 1.2-2 cm long, hanging on
slender hairy stalks.
Twig: Thin; yellowish-brown; hairy; flat; has tiny leaf bearing buds.
Bark: Scaly when young, broad deep furrows when mature; reddish-brown when young,
dark brown when mature.
Wood: Weak; heartwood is light orange-yellow to reddish-brown; lightweight.
Facts About This Tree:
1. Eastern hemlocks can live for about 600 years (some have reached almost a
1000 years), and grow to be up to 30 m tall.
2. Lumber from Easter hemlocks has knots in it that can dull a saw and deflect
nails.
3. The wood from Eastern hemlocks should not be used for campfires because it
throws off sparks.
4. The fallen twigs and needles from Eastern hemlocks increase soil acidity,
which decreases competition from other plants.
5. Young trees produce cones after 20-40 years, and produce heavy crops every
3-4 years.
Lat, Long: 43.74228, -79.79334
Diameter (DBH): 46.5 cm
Last Year Modified: 2015
Carbon Stored in this Tree: 434.622 kg of C
Equivalent CO2: 1593.455 kg of C
Find more trees in Heart Lake Conservation Area.
Reference
1. Farrar, J. L. 2007. Trees in Canada. ON. Canadian Forest Service.
2. Linda Kershaw. 2001. Trees of Ontario. Edmonton, AB Canada. Lone Pine
Publishing.
3. Photo (c)2007 Derek Ramsey (Ram-Man) (Self-photographed) [GFDL 1.2
(http://www.gnu.org/licenses/old-licenses/fdl-1.2.html) or CC BY-SA 2.5-2.0-1.0
(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5-2.0-1.0)], via Wikimedia Commons
4. Sdetwiler (Own work) [CC BY 3.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0)],
via Wikimedia Commons
5. Chris Breeze at Flickr (Flickr) [CC BY 2.0
(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0)], via Wikimedia Commons
6. Eric Hunt at Flickr (Flickr)
[(https://www.flickr.com/photos/ericinsf/479430106/)]
7. Bruce Marlin [CC BY-SA 3.00
(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0)], via Wikimedia Commons
Copyright 2015 Association for Canadian Educational Resources
Some of the native fish species that can be found in Heart Lake include largemouth bass, golden shiner, brown bullhead, rainbow trout, rock bass, and pumpkinseed.